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KMID : 0882420170920010089
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Korean Journal of Medicine
2017 Volume.92 No. 1 p.89 ~ p.93
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Simultaneous Diagnosis of Pneumococcal Sepsis and Disseminated Mycobacterium avium Complex Infection in a Patient with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
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Noh Chang-In
Hyun Mi-Ri
Lee Ji-Yeon
Kim Hyun-Ah
Ryu Seong-Yeol
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Abstract
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The incidence of bacteremia in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients is significantly decreased by highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). However, bacteremia remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected patients. A 43-year-old male who had fever and cough for 1 week presented to the emergency room. He was diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome combined with atypical pneumonia and started on antibiotics plus HAART. After 3 days, Streptococcus pneumoniae was grown in blood cultures. Three weeks later, acid-fast bacilli cultures of blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid grew Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC); hence, the patient was treated with antimycobacterial drugs. HIV-infected patients with persistent fever despite administration of appropriate antibiotics should be examined for simultaneous infection by other organisms, such as nontuberculous mycobacteria. We report a case of simultaneous detection of MAC and S. pneumoniae in the blood of a treatment-naive HIV-infected patient.
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KEYWORD
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Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, Mycobacterium avium complex, Streptococcus pneumoniae
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